In this new era of economic growth, the exceptional increase in the crude oil prices is one of the significant developments that affecting the global economy. Crude oil is an important raw material used for manufacturing many goods, so that an extraordinary increase in the price of oil is bound...

This paper applies traditional approaches and mixed-data sampling (MIDAS) to explain and forecast velocity of broad money in the euro area and the United States. Our results show that despite financial innovations, over the last two decades broad money velocity followed a declining trend with...