The low gas filling levels in underground gas storages (UGSs) in the European Union (EU), and the subsequent price … the EU. A specific measure was the mandatory refilling of UGSs at 90 % by 1 November of each year to ensure adequate gas … stocks. This paper assesses the impact of storage obligations on natural gas prices and the welfare of EU consumers for two …

: the Case of Le Gaz Journal, 1857-1880 -- Part 2: the Turning Point: Competition Between Gas and Electricity at the Turn of …Chapter 1. Why Gas? -- Chapter 2. Why Latin Europe? -- Part 1: Dawn and Consolidation of Latin Europe …’s Industrialisation: the Evolution of Gas in the 19th Century -- Chapter 3. The Internationalization of the English Gas Industry in Latin …

The deregulation of the U.K. natural gas industry has facilitated new entry and competition in almost all segments of … pipeline transportation and tying up gas in long-term contracts impede competition. This Note reviews the U.K. reform and the … the industry except pipeline transportation. The new regulatory framework, developed largely by the Office of Gas …