Studies have found that loneliness is as bad as smoking or obesity for mortality risk, and the prevalence of loneliness … the substantial literature on loneliness, there is little detailed research on the extent of economic gradients. In this … differences in loneliness across educational attainment, household income and neighbourhood deprivation, as well as recent major …

reported more close friends before the pandemic than men, and increased loneliness after the pandemic's onset. Other factors …

experience of loneliness during the COVID-19 pandemic. First, in terms of prevalence, loneliness peaked in April 2020, followed … the individual determinants of loneliness and compare them to those found in the literature predating the COVID-19 … loneliness. However, the pandemic substantially shifted the age profile: it is now the youngest who are the loneliest. We last …