One of the objects of the Competition Act, 2002 as stated in the preamble is to prevent practices having adverse affect on the competition. Competition among suppliers of goods and services will, in a market whose operation is unhindered, stabilize prices at a reasonable level. The principle...

Recent decades have witnessed a distinct increase in the sales and popularity of private labels. The growing market share of private labels has transformed the landscape of retail competition in developed countries. Major retailers are no longer confined to their traditional roles of purchasers...

Why parent companies are held liable for the infringements committed by their subsidiaries under EU competition law? This article examines the jurisprudence of the EU Courts with a view to illuminating the rationale underpinning parental liability. Taking a closer look at the “single economic...

The attempt to establish a common European framework for core platforms’ duties and responsibilities towards other actors in the digital environment is at the core of the recent scholarly debate surrounding the Digital Markets Act (DMA) proposal. In particular, the everlasting juxtaposition...

The ECJ's judgment in Coop de France represents an important clarification and affirmation of the basic principles and objectives of the EC fining policy for violations of the competition law. In the present case the Community courts encountered the situation where the appellants were in effect...