Exclusion takes many forms based on factors relating to an individual’s identity or background. Discrimination on the grounds of race, gender, sexual orientation, religion, and disability are some common forms of exclusion that can significantly impact individuals’ lives, both personally and...

This article uses a prosopographical methodology and a new dataset of 1,558 CEOs from Britain's largest public companies between 1900 and 2009 to analyse how the role, social background, and career pathways of corporate leaders changed. We have four main findings: First, the designation of CEO...