This article explores the principles that should guide efforts to raise finance for climate action in developing countries. The main conclusions are that, first, there is an important role for private finance, which would be facilitated by having pervasive and broadly uniform emissions pricing...

The financial crises of the late 1990s have marked a watershed for the global economy and for regionalism. Prior to these crises, deregulation and liberalisation, in particular of financial markets, enjoyed widespread support. On the other hand, regional integration was aimed at improving...

This paper considers the current proposals by the World Bank to curb the potential for ?free riding? in relation to financial support and multilateral debt relief to low-income countries. Measures to address the ?free rider? issue will form a pivotal plank in the World Bank?s future strategy...