For the purposes of discussing the idea of a possible integration of public and private enforcement of competition law in the Europe it is useful, on the one hand, to perceive how the idea of private enforcement of EU competition law has developed over recent years and, on the other hand, to...

Public and Private Enforcement of Competition Law in Europe - Introduction and Overview -- Public Enforcement of Anti-Cartel Laws - Theory and Empirical Evidence -- Leniency Programmes and the Structure of Cartels - Remarks from an Economic Perspective -- The Role of Fines in the Public...

In the face of declining leniency applications, and the risk that that poses to the effectiveness of anti-cartel enforcement, this paper considers the role that competition law specific liability insurance could have on rebalancing the calculation for determining whether to self-report

To encourage private actions for damages in antitrust cases some jurisdictions subtract a fraction of the redress from the fine. We analyze the effectiveness of this policy. Such a rebate does not encourage settlement negotiations that would otherwise not occur. If, however, the parties settle...

The purpose of this article is to examine the interplay between two competition policy enforcement instruments - leniency policy and individual liability, by opening the ‘black box’ of the cartel, with the analysis of interactions both among the cartel members and within each company. The...