Because of the assumption of constant emission factors, economy-environment models often show that free trade has … negative environmental consequences. However, this pessimistic view ignores the possibility of trade strengthening the demand … for regulatory institutions. An `institutional optimism hypothesis’, stating that the net environmental result of trade …

Previous studies of trade and the environment overwhelmingly focus on how trade affects where goods are produced …. However, trade also affects where goods are consumed. In this paper we describe a model of trade with durable goods and non …-chomothetic preferences. In autarky, used goods are relatively inexpensive in high-income countries and free trade causes these goods to be …

ten years, especially for agricultural commodities. The key finding is that NAFTA trade is highly correlated with GDP …It has been over four years since the NAFTA transition period was completed and we are now operating on a normal basis … recession. Using USDA baseline 2021 projections and other econometric analysis we can project how NAFTA will work in the next …

-territorial policy responses to such issues as trade, finance, the environment, human rights and human security. The copyright of this … on political economy, security, norms and identity, environment, human rights, migration and human security in Northeast …