We show that if patent protection and trade secrecy generate asymmetricmarket structure, an innovator may prefer patent … protection than trade secrecy even ifthe diffusion probability is higher under the former but it increases marketconcentration by …

We propose a simple model of trade outside the law preyed on by robbers and possiblyprotected by private cops. We … establish the conditions for trade collapse, secure trade andinsecure trade. Endogenous predation and enforcement can explain … both puzzling failures ofcommonly observed state policies against illegal trade and puzzlingly large trade responses …

This paper develops a monopolistic competition model with heterogeneous firms tostudy the interaction between … technology adoption and trade in a world of two countriesfacing different technology adoption costs. It shows that a reduction in …

International trade costs are of vital importance because they determine trade patterns and therefore economic … performance. This paper develops a new micro-founded measure of international trade costs. It is based on a multi-country general … equilibrium model of trade that incorporates bilateral 'iceberg' trade costs. The model results in a gravity equation from which …

and land area which plays a dominant role in trade within the region and in the regional governance. The regional power …