This paper examines the impact of trade liberalization under NAFTA on the productivity of the Mexican automobile … liberalization and productivity for medium size establishments, but not for small or large establishments. This finding is consistent … with that of other authors, who find that trade liberalization results in higher productivity for some firms, but not for …

1963 through 2000. The model features Armington trade, import tariffs, and export subsidies. Tariff liberalization … liberalization lowers exports and trade, especially industrial exports, attenuating industrialization. These effects of policy reform …

subsidies and lump sum government transfers of net tariff revenue. We calibrate our economy to data on South Korea and the OECD …

available. A number of trends are evident. While a majority of RTAs result in a reasonably high degree of liberalization overall … (with developing countries often liberalizing as much or more than developed countries), liberalization is not uniform … across products or RTA parties. In some RTAs the degree of liberalization appears to be a negotiated outcome, depending on …

The consequences of liberalization on structural changes are examined using data from manufacturing industry in Nepal … which is classified as a least developed country. This is important because doubts that liberalization may not solve the … liberalization are to be fully achieved. …