associated with approximately a 3 percent increase in smoking and a small increase in pregnancy weight gain for most of the … women during late-1980s through mid-1990s to examine the effects of these policy changes on smoking, weight gain and other … sample. The increase in smoking, which is a significant cause of poor infant health, may partly explain why Medicaid …

, and school absences. I find economically and statistically significant impacts of cigarette taxes in improving children …The origins of inequality have roots in childhood. Childhood asthma, the most common disease affecting children …, disproportionately affects minority and lower SES children. Decades of research shows a strong association between tobacco exposure and …

between infant health and maternal smoking. When state cigarette excise taxes are used as an instrument for tobacco use … without accounting for measurement error in self-reported smoking, the conventional IV estimate of the birth weight cost of … smoking is only slightly smaller in magnitude than its OLS counterpart for whites, but nearly a third of the average infant …

levels and smoking behaviours across generations. Higher parental education reduces the likelihood of children's low birth … weight, although the effect appears to be mainly driven by fathers. While maternal smoking during pregnancy increases the … three generations (grandparents-parents-children) to explore the effects of parental education and different parental …

We estimate the causal impact of school smoking bans in Germany on the propensity and intensity of smoking. Using … such smoking bans to identify the effects of interest. The estimates from our multipledifferences approach show that six to … ten years after intervention, propensity towards smoking is reduced by 7-16 percent, while the number of smoked cigarettes …