We estimate the health costs of supply-side barriers to accessing medical care. The setting is Colombia, where citizens …. We estimate that a one standard deviation increase in judicial claims increases the all-cause mortality rate by between 0 ….10 and 0.23 standard deviations. Increases in mortality are pervasive across causes, with the largest increase in deaths from …

administrative data on cause-specific mortality, hospitalizations and drug prescriptions. Exogenous variation in retirement timing … retirement impacts mortality or health care utilization. …

political spectrum wanted mortality and healthcare to be distributed more evenly among the rich and poor than they estimated …