This paper examines how physicians in China respond to a pay-for-performance scheme that mismeasures performance. In … to decrease drug expenditure. Using a unique patient-level data from a large Chinese hospital, I find that physicians … inducement hypothesis as physicians in China may receive under-the-counter commission for prescribing certain drugs. I also find …

expulsion of Jewish physicians from statutory health insurance as exogenous variation in regional physician supply. Increases in … the supply of physicians reduce infant mortality and mortality from common childhood diseases. Using a semiparametric …

This paper investigates the effect of physicians on infant mortality, stillbirths and the incidence of common childhood … endogeneity of health care supply is addressed by using the expulsion of Jewish physicians from health insurance schemes by the … control function approach. Our results indicate that the marginal returns to physicians are highly nonlinear and decreasing. …