In most developed countries drugs are dispensed to patients through physicians and pharmacists. This paper studies the … a self-dispensation regime. Pharmacies in cantons that allow physicians to dispense drugs tend to have relatively higher …

, Switzerland introduced out-of-pocket price differentiation. As of July 1st 2011, substitutable pharmaceuticals with prices above a …

We analyze whether the possibility for physicians to dispense drugs increases health care expenditures due to the … dispensing is permitted, physicians produce significantly higher drug costs in the order of 30% per patient. …

This paper examines how physicians in China respond to a pay-for-performance scheme that mismeasures performance. In … to decrease drug expenditure. Using a unique patient-level data from a large Chinese hospital, I find that physicians … inducement hypothesis as physicians in China may receive under-the-counter commission for prescribing certain drugs. I also find …

In many healthcare markets, physicians can influence the volume (volume response) and the composition of the services … regulated at the federal level. Dispensing creates financial incentives for physicians to sell more drugs and to substitute …

This paper estimates the impact of gifts - monetary or in-kind payments - from pharmaceutical firms on physicians … Part D, we find that payments cause physicians to prescribe more brand drugs. On average, for every dollar spent, payments … heterogeneity in responses to payments across physicians. Differences are predominantly explained by the insurance coverage of …

This paper studies how gifts - monetary or in-kind payments - from drug firms to physicians in the US affect … prescriptions and payments with causal inference and machine learning methods. We find that payments cause physicians to prescribe … more brand drugs, resulting in a cost increase of $30 per dollar received. Responses differ widely across physicians, and …

effectiveness of these incentives, however, depends both on physicians' price sensitivity and their knowledge of patient prices. We … information. Applying this model to diabetes care, we find that physicians lack detailed price information and are more price …-elastic than full-information models imply. We predict that providing physicians detailed information on prices at the point of …