extreme urgency" within the meaning of Article 31(b) of the TRIPS Agreement. Some legislations, such as European competition …

the lead role in enacting the TRIPS Agreement's substantive and procedural patent flexibilities by introducing unique … compulsory licensing, the most notable exception to patent rights provided under the TRIPS Agreement. This empirical study is …-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS Agreement), however, included a number of public health flexibilities in order …

strengthening the use of preventive and remedial TRIPS flexibilities and removing criminal sanctions for patent infringements …. Cambodia should reject any TRIPS-plus provisions in its patent legislation and avoid membership in bilateral or plurilateral … trade agreements that include TRIPS-plus provisions as well as signing patent treaties and memorandums of understanding that …

This study examines the variations within Asia of two exceptions to patent rights that are commonly justified under … Article 30 of the World Trade Organization (WTO) Agreement on Trade-related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (the TRIPS … exceptions are important in the context of the 2001 Doha Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and Public Health insofar as they are …

support national patent offices and interested parties in developing countries with information that can serve as guidance for … the examination of the claims contained in relevant patents or patent applications. The medicines considered for the … patent analysis in this report are remdesivir, ruxolitinib, favipiravir, molnupiravir and nirmatrelvir, and the …