Extensive research work on heat transfer in heat pipe using conventional working fluids has been carried out over the past decade. Heat transfer in heat pipes using suspensions of nano meter–sized solid particles in base liquids have been investigated in recent years by various researchers...

After the Fukushima nuclear disaster, renewable energy resources have become increasingly important in Europe. Based on available pedological, climatological, topographical, and administrative data sets we analysed the pan-European very shallow geothermal energy potentials (vSGP) on a mapping...

Researches on the nanofluids have been increased very rapidly over the past decade. In spite of some inconsistency in the reported results and insufficient understanding of the mechanism of the heat transfer in nanofluids, it has been emerged as a promising heat transfer fluid. In the...