This paper considers the optimal hedge ratio problem under estimation risk. Due to incomplete information, the decision-maker evaluates the opportunity cost of hedging using exchange-traded funds or notes (ETF/Ns). Using a back-testing procedure over the last five years and 13 different hedging...

In this paper, we derive and assess a framework in which a firm's financial environment is an integral part of its hedging decisions. In the framework, the characteristics of firms in the network and their interconnections affect the firm's risk management strategy through impact on contract...