Many studies find that households increase their consumption after the receipt of expected income payments, a result inconsistent with the life-cycle/permanent income hypothesis. Consumption can increase adverse health events, such as traffic accidents, heart attacks and strokes. In this paper,...

The link between early school leaving and criminal behaviour has been well established within the literature. However, little is known about how young people understand and experience difficulties at school, reflect on their problem behaviours and ways that the broad welfare and education...