This paper develops a discrete-time formalization of the circuit of capital model presented by Marx in Volume II of Capital Marx (1993) as a tool for aggregate economic analysis of capitalist economies. The discrete-time formalization closely follows and extends the continuous-time formalization...

A number of Marxist scholars have tied aspects of Marx's thought to certain Aristotelian categories, yet remarkably little is said of Marx's dialectical materialism in this literature. Here we attempt to lay a foundation for such an effort, paying particular attention to the way in which...

The classical labor theory of value generates two well-known antinomies: Ricardo's problem of an invariable measure of value and Marx's transformation problem. I show that both antinomies are generated by the same category-mistake of expecting a technical measure of labor cost to function as a...

The concept of surplus is central in the analysis of capitalism. From the Marxian literature we can identify two main approaches: on the one hand, the concept of surplus developed by Marx based on the distribution of time worked between workers and capitalists; while on the other, the concept of...

The propositions advanced by Marx and Smith on the relation between labor and prices are examined, with particular emphasis on income distribution, within a non-Walrasian setting including joint production and heterogeneous labor. Among its contributions, the paper introduces the concept of...

In this paper we use insights from Sraffa's classic, Production of Commodities by Means of Commodities, to argue that the classical notion of ‘centre of gravitation' is not a sound concept. The market mechanics of labour allocation through price signals and quantity adjustments, given...

Today, Karl Marx is considered one of the preeminent social scientists of the last two centuries, and ranks among the most frequently assigned authors in university syllabi. However in Marx's time, many competing sociological traditions and socialist political movements espoused similar ideas...

Marx made significant contributions to macroeconomics, laying the grounds for both Keynes's theory of aggregate demand and Schumpeter's theory of creative destruction. His law of the tendency of the rate of profit to fall parallels Alvin Hansen's theory of secular stagnation which has recently...

This paper studies the origin of Piketty's inequality between the profit rate (r) and the growth rate of the national income (g) by focusing on the growth rate (gamma) of the r⁄g ratio in an economy that grows gradually along a succession of production cycles. It is shown that, given a...

Paul A. Samuelson's (1966) capitulation during the so-called Cambridge controversy on the phenomenon of re-switching of techniques in capital theory had implications not only in pointing at a supposed internal contradiction of the marginal theory of production and distribution, but also in...