best universities (agglomeration), that better scholars were more sensitive to the quality of the university (positive … Middle Ages, and contributed to bolstering universities at the dawn of the Humanistic and Scientiffc Revolutions. We build a … unique database of thousands of scholars from university sources covering all of Europe, construct an index of their ability …

markets in Germany. We use these data to test whether medieval universities played a causal role in expanding economic … activity, examining the foundation of Germany’s first universities after 1386 following the Papal Schism. We find that the … close to universities or cities belonging to territories that included universities. Universities provided training in newly …

markets in Germany. We use these data to test whether medieval universities played a causal role in expanding economic … activity, examining the foundation of Germany’s first universities after 1386 following the Papal Schism. We find that the … close to universities or cities belonging to territories that included universities. Universities provided training in newly …

markets in Germany. We use these data to test whether medieval universities played a causal role in expanding economic … activity, examining the foundation of Germanyś first universities after 1386 following the Papal Schism. We find that the trend … specifications that address concerns about the endogeneity of university location. Universities provided training in newly …

markets in Germany. We use these data to test whether medieval universities played a causal role in expanding economic … activity, examining the foundation of Germany's first universities after 1386 following the Papal Schism. We find that the … specifications that address concerns about the endogeneity of university location. Universities provided training in newly …