, accounting for quality and productivity. Production factors (capital, labor, energy, materials and drugs) contributed 70% (drugs … alone contributed 52 %), better health outcomes (higher quality) contributed 5 %, and better use of resources (productivity …) contributed 25 %. We find increasing returns to scale, a markup of between 15% and 36% and a much larger productivity dispersion …

, accounting for quality and productivity. Production factors (capital, labor, energy, materials and drugs) contributed 70% (drugs … alone contributed 52%), better health outcomes (higher quality) contributed 5%, and better use of resources (productivity …) contributed 25%. We find increasing returns to scale, a markup of between 15% and 36% and a much larger productivity dispersion in …

average, the NHS hospital sector revealed positive but small productivity growth between 2000 and 2004. The mean TFP indices …