There is anecdotal evidence that the standard of living for the educated has fallen in Venezuela over the last few years. This evidence comes as a surprise because after experiencing an economic downturn in 2002 and 2003, Venezuela's economy has boomed (gross domestic product growth has hovered...

Existing evidence, mostly from British textile industries, rejects the importance of formal education for the Industrial Revolution. We provide new evidence from Prussia, a technological follower, where early-19th-century institutional reforms created the conditions to adopt the exogenously...

This paper studies the effects of distortionary taxes and public in- vestment in an endogenous growth OLG model with knowledge trans- mission. Fiscal policy affects growth in two respects: .rst, work time reacts to variations of prospective tax rates and modi.es knowledge formation; second,...