This chapter applies the lens of emergentism and emergent properties to the understanding of value propositions, value creation, value delivery and value realization. It argues that none of the building blocks typically asserted with business models are of any value without the underlying...

Purpose – This paper is concerned with identifying the role(s) of the individual employee(s) in the value creation process of three network‐based business models that are analyzed through case studies. The paper aims to focus on how the relationships between the network‐partners internally...

There have been many studies estimating the causal effect of an additional year of education on earnings. The majority employ administrative changes in the minimum school leaving age as the mechanism allowing identification. Here we survey 66 such estimates. However, remarkably, while the...