This study examines the impact of primary-school closures during the 1918 Pandemic in Sweden on mortality and long …-term outcomes of school children. Using the universe of death certificates from 1914-1920 and newly-collected data on school … schools closed in response to local surges in influenza deaths. Faster implementation of school closures significantly reduced …

We explore the extent to which starting primary school earlier by up to one year can help shield children from the … the children who start school later. In contrast, for the children who commence school earlier, we do not find any …-term nature. We hypothesise that an early school start achieves this by lessening the importance of resource-access inequalities …

relationship at the school, parish, year and country level. The results show a negative and significant effect on performance in … the sciences if hurricanes strike when school is in session and a positive or no effect when school is not in session. In …