, primarily through an increase in guilty pleas. Pre-trial detention has no detectable effect on future crime, but decreases pre …-trial crime and failures to appear in court. We also find suggestive evidence that pre-trial detention decreases formal sector …

recidivating within a year by 20 percent. This is largely a specific deterrence effect driven by the punishment itself and not by …

punishment …

This paper contributes to the debate on the impact of juvenile punishment on adult criminal recidivism and high school … completion. We link the universe of case files of those who were convicted of a crime as a juvenile between 1996 and 2012 in a … to utilize information on the exact types of crimes committed, as well as the type and duration of punishment imposed …