, and policy restrictions, we consider a range of employment outcomes - including permanent layoffs, which generate large … examine how these employment patterns vary across different states, according to the timing and severity of virus caseloads … economic activity reduce employment rates concurrently but do not seem to have lingering effects once relaxed. In contrast …

The effect of foreign labor on native employment within an occupation depends on native labor supply to that occupation … implies that the effect of migrant labor supply on native employment is close to zero within this occupation, and may be …

flood risk has a large negative impact on firm entry, employment, and output in the long run; and (2) flood events reduce … output in the short run while their impact on firm entry and employment is limited. Motivated by these findings, we construct … a spatial equilibrium model to characterize how flood risk shapes firms' location choices and workers' employment, which …