Participants in electricity zonal markets are mostly concerned with two layers of value-chain in the production, investment, consumption of electricity and its derived products. On the other hand, achieving the goal of restructuring, policy regulations and transformation, requires accurately...

Electric power and economic development, by B. C. Netschert.--The application of TVA experience to underdeveloped countries, by J. Oliver.--Natural resource problems and TVA, by J. L. Fisher.--The politics of water resource development as exemplified by TVA, by N. Wengert.--Identical pricing and...

The EU-wide Emission Trading Scheme (ETS), established in 2005, is a key pillar of Europe¿s strategy to attain compliance with the Kyoto Protocol. Under this scheme, CO2 allowances have thus far been allocated largely free of charge. This paper demonstrates that such cost-free allocation,...