The paper analyzes the effects of changes to regulatory policy and to monetary policy on cross-border bank lending since the global financial crisis. Cross-border bank lending has decreased, and the home bias in the credit portfolio of banks has risen sharply, especially among banks in the euro...

Ireland has had one of the most catastrophic experiences of financial crisis in the developed world, in the wake of the global financial crisis of 2008. Unlike the US or Britain though, Ireland's enormous banking exposure was almost entirely related to property speculation and to the unchecked...

In this paper, we survey the nascent literature on the transmission of negative policy rates. We discuss the theory of how the transmission depends on bank balance sheets, and how this changes once policy rates become negative. We review the growing evidence that negative policy rates are...

Demonetization is a monetary step in which a particular series of banknotes render invalid either by the government or by issuing authority of the nation to eliminate the undeclared income. It is a process in which certain units of currency notes will not be remains as legal tender. On November...