also the Granger non-causality in Dumitrescu and Hurlin (2012). First, the disaggregated analysis shows that renewable … development and growth in all countries. Similarly, the bidirectional causality between renewable energy consumption and growth is …

Today we live in a post-truth and highly digitalized era characterized by a flow of (mis-) information around the world …

countries for the period 1981–2013. Taking advantage of the recently developed dynamic panel data estimation techniques, the … paper tests for both panel unit roots and cointegration before employing the panel vector error-correction model (VECM …) Granger causality test. The main findings are that in the short run, there is evidence of (a) a bidirectional causal …

they may impact growth. Estimation outcomes show that while remittances contribute to promote growth on the long run, they … adjustment toward the long-run path vary considerably from one country to another. Finally, the causality tests confirm that …

regions. We have carried out panel unit-root tests and panel cointegration tests before estimating the specified models using …) in developing countries. The study uses panel data from 138 developing countries during the period 1980-2018. The … both Panel Least Squares (Panel LS) and Panel Fully Modified Least Squares (FMOLS) methods. In addition, panel Granger …