Low fertility is a major policy focus in Japan. Many policies, such as an increase in replacement allowances during … parental leave, were rolled out during the 1990s and early 2000s with little evidence that they had any effect on fertility or … labor supply. This study assesses the impact of policies designed to promote a family-friendly work culture on childbirth …

Motherhood continues to pose significant challenges to women's careers, and a correct assessment of its effects is … demonstrate that the biases stem from conventional event studies pooling together first-time mothers of all ages, without … considering their distinct characteristics and the varying impact of motherhood. To address the biases, we propose a novel …

This paper analyzes the labor supply response of married women to their husbands' job losses (Added Worker Effect) due …

We examine the causal effect of women's age at marriage on prevalence of domestic violence using newly available … variation in women's age at marriage. We find robust evidence that a one-year delay in women's marriage causes a significant … evidence that the effect of women's marital age on physical violence arises because older brides, as compared to younger brides …

many countries. This study examines this question drawing on longitudinal data to compare women’s fertility, proxied by …The growth of self-employment and in particular gig work may explain part of the declining fertility rates observed in … structural aspects of work types, as fertility-related social protection there does not discriminate between self-employment and …

The motherhood wage penalty denotes the difference in wages between mothers and women without children that is not … motherhood wage penalty can represent a significant cost to being female and having children. If ignored, it may undermine policy … initiatives aiming to increase fertility rates in post-socialist countries, such as the costly “baby bonus,” which is a government …