reserve currency depreciation, and forgone gains from investment and social expenditures that could be financed by these … reserve accumulation with a focus on the impact on the exchange rate, inflation, and public and private investment. While the …. -- external reserves ; exchange rate appreciation ; sub-Saharan Africa ; private and public investment ; macroeconomic …

than in the past, partly because of a greater share of foreign direct investment and reduced reliance on foreign financing … that has contributed to improvements in international investment positions (IIPs). Participants held the view that the …

remain - and the Covid-19 shock may have exacerbated them. This report analyses European firms' investment in training over … the last six years examining trends, factors supporting training investment as well as the impact of the Covid-19 shock …. We base the empirical analysis on a unique dataset, the European Investment Bank's Investment Survey (EIBIS), which …

the United States called Opportunity Zones (OZs). The goal of this provision was to spur private investment in OZs in … the impact of OZs on commercial investment and economic activity. Using data on the universe of all significant commercial … investments in the United States, we find that OZ selection led to practically no increase in investment in OZs. These findings …

-being of residents. A provision of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act aimed to spur private investment in low-income areas called … Opportunity Zones (OZs). We evaluate the impact of OZs on investment using data on the near-universe of commercial retail, office … estimates of the effect of OZ eligibility on census tract-level investment. Additional data from MasterCard show no robust …