We examine how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted merchandise trade between and within Commonwealth countries. It uses bilateral trade data and a demand-driven short-term gravity model to (i) estimate trade losses, i.e. variations in intra- and extra-Commonwealth trade in goods from the...

Besides facilitating access to the world market, WTO accession negotiations entail a process of domestic reforms that are expected to improve the supply side of acceding economies. However, measuring the actual impact of accession remains an empirical debate. The present paper contributes to the...

All members join the World Trade Organization (WTO) as a result of negotiations. WTO membership means a balance of rights and obligations. The paper aims at building a synthetic index to measure the depth of accession commitments and estimate the economic impact of accession on Article XII...

The paper adopts a Global Value Chain (GVC) perspective to estimate the intensity of impact of COVID-19 across sectors for all Commonwealth countries. The intensity of the impact was driven by a combination of supply and demand shocks transmitted across different sectors of the economy. Some...