design, I find that gun-related homicides decreased by 12.2 percent, with the reduction especially pronounced in high-crime …

Increasing criminal sanctions may reduce crime through two primary mechanisms: deterrence and incapacitation … of the law change, so any short-term impact on crime can be attributed solely to deterrence. Using cross-state variation … associated with large spillovers to other types of crime …

simply increasing employment - for instance, preventing anti-social behavior such as crime. Indeed, recent evidence shows … that participation in active labor market programs reduces crime among unemployed young men. The existence of such effects …