experienced lower import and export growth at both the intensive and extensive margins, compared to those in the unaffected …-intensive, upstream in the supply chains, and differentiated experienced a smaller export decline but a stronger recovery. Small exporters …

affected through workers' morbidity and containment policies. It then estimates how escalating export restrictions to shield … pandemic, the global export supply of food could decrease between 6 and 20 percent and global prices increase between 2 and 6 … percent on average. Escalating export restrictions would multiply the initial shock by a factor of 3, with world food prices …