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Austria, Finland and Sweden became members of the EU in 1995. This paper examines how support for the euro and trust in …. Support for the euro in the two euroarea members Austria and Finland has remained high and relatively stable since the … physical introduction of the new currency nearly 20 years ago, while the euro crisis significantly reduced support for the euro …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012269193
Many central banks discuss the introduction of a Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC). Empirical evidence suggests that households may differ in their willingness to hold CBDC. Against this background, this paper investigates the macroeconomic effects of different CBDC regimes in a New Keynesian...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014229087
The COVID-19 pandemic had disastrous effects on health and economic activity worldwide, including in the Euro Area. The … ensuing economic policies on public support for the common currency, the euro, as measured by the Eurobarometersurvey. It … findsthat public support for the euro reached historically high levels in a majority of the 19 Euro Area member states in the …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013541792
The COVID-19 pandemic had disastrous effects on health and economic activity worldwide, including in the Euro Area. The … ensuing economic policies on public support for the common currency, the euro, as measured by the Eurobarometersurvey. It … findsthat public support for the euro reached historically high levels in a majority of the 19 Euro Area member states in the …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013455597
Economic and financial integration has reshaped the monetary policy frameworks and transmission channels in the emerging market economies (EMEs) over the past two decades. Economic and financial linkages have become stronger, resulting in greater synchronization of business cycles across...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013067067
the (2007-2009) Global Financial Crisis (GFC), the subsequent fiscal crisis in the euro area and the most recent pandemic …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014077291
Credit restrictions were used as a monetary policy instrument in the Netherlands from the 1960s to the early 1990s. We study the effects of credit restrictions being active on the balance sheet structure of banks and other financial institutions. We find that banks mainly responded to credit...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014097889
We provide an update on the impact the COVID-19 pandemic on the demand for cash and the use of methods of payment based on data from the Bank Note Distribution System and from consumer surveys conducted in April and August 2021. Our key findings are as follows: Cash in circulation remained high...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013175440
Consumer spending declined significantly during the recent COVID-19 pandemic. This negative shock likely reduced spending across all methods of payment (cash, debit, credit, etc.). As well, the mix of payment methods that consumers use could also be affected. This paper is a first step in...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012240328
We conduct a follow-up to Chen et al. (2020) and study demand for and use of cash after the containment measures imposed at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic were relaxed during the summer of 2020. We find that bank notes in circulation continued to rise in July due to ongoing cash...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012488999