The most enduring measure of how individuals make personal decisions affecting their health and safety is the compensating wage differential for job safety risk revealed in the labor market via hedonic equilibrium outcomes. The decisions in turn reveal the value of a statistical life (VSL), the...

In 2020, the European Commission announced its intention to table a legislative proposal for a Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM), as part of a wider package of laws aimed at implementing the EU Green Deal. It furthermore stated that it would explore various options, such as a so-called...

We study how pay inequality among regulators affects the environment, using individual compensation data on attorneys at the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Consistent with incentive theories, high-inequality EPA offices pursue more enforcement actions with higher monetary penalties,...

We examine the effect of pay discrimination on corporate innovation and inventor productivity using difference-in-differences regressions based on the staggered passage of state-level pay secrecy laws that mitigate pay discrimination. We find significant increases in the quantity and quality of...

The PHILGBC and the ILO have conducted a study that seeks to understand the occupational and skills needs in the green building sector in the Philippines. Decision makers, both in the public and private sector need to understand that matching the growing interest in greener buildings with...

This article examines an attempt by the Australian Government in 2011-12 to restrict the import into Australia of timber products logged illegally in foreign states. The Illegal Logging Prohibition Bill pursues Australia’s interests in environmental protection (including sustainability,...

Since 1986 the United States has made considerable efforts to curb illegal immigration. This has resulted in an increase in migration costs for undocumented immigrants. More stringent border enforcement either deters potential illegal immigrants from coming to the U.S., or moves the point of...

This volume was prepared by Jens Ruhose while he was working at the Ifo Institute. It was completed in December 2014 and accepted as a doctoral thesis by the Department of Economics at the University of Munich. It includes four self-contained chapters that contribute to the understanding of the...

In times of increasing oil prices and a weak dollar, European companies that focus their business on the US market may find themselves in a weak position. While many businesses can hedge this kind of risk by relocating production to the US, or employing financial remedies, these strategies may...