A production approach based on the translog cost function is used to analyze import demand for wheat differentiated by class and country of origin in the Japanese wheat flour milling industry. Results indicate that US wheat faces strong competition in the Japanese wheat market, but its multiple...

This study is aimed at in-depth empirical analysis of impact of final expenditure components on import demand in Pakistan. ARDL bound testing approach to cointegration is used to analyze the long run relationship of import demand, relative prices of imports and components of final expenditure...

We develop a structural econometric model of import demand for Pakistan, with binding foreign exchange constraint. ARDL and DOLS techniques are used to estimate the log-run coefficients of price and income elasticities. The empirical results from ARDL bound testing approach and Johansen’s...