This paper provides an overview of different approaches to old age security and their societal outcome in three advanced welfare states: Denmark, Finland, and the United Kingdom. All three countries established a public first tier minimum pension, which was also pursued in the following. Reform...

This paper analyses the impact of changes in social institutions, i.e. in the informal and formal social security system, on income inequality in China. This study uses an inequality decomposition analysis approach comparing household survey data for 1988 with 1995. Since 1992 was a decisive...

Using a factor decomposition of the Gini coefficient we measure the contribution to inequality of direct monetary income flows to and from the Brazilian State. The income flows from the State include public servants' earnings, Social Security pensions, unemployment benefits and Social Assistance...

Intro -- Table of Contents -- 1 The Decline of Self-Reliance in Advanced Welfare States -- 2 The Demand Shift against the Less-Skilled -- 3 Low Pay and Poverty: Anatomy of a 'New' Social Risk -- 4 On the Limits to Incrementalism in Income Protection Policy: The Case of Structural Unemployment in...