Since 1990, 2.1 billion people in the world gained access to improved sanitation. However, 2.4 billion people still do not use a basic toilet. We examine whether the country differences in the sanitation index existing in 1990 has been reduced and if so, how fast. We deploy the convergence...

By far, the most popular type of corruption measurements used is Corruption Perception Index published annually since 1995 by Transparency International. We examine whether country differences of the Corruption Perception Index existing in 2003 has narrowed by 2015 and if so, how fast. We deploy...

Sustainable Development Goals adopted by The United Nations seek to protect and prevent the extinction of threatened species by 2020. Several countries even in the 1990s began expanding species protection to reach the 2020 goal early. This research investigates whether countries with low level...