This paper examines competition between ETFs that hold nearly identical portfolios of securities. We provide evidence that incumbent-fund liquidity is negatively affected when a new ETF is added to an asset class. The degradation in liquidity is even more severe whenever both funds follow the...

Despite widely publicized fee reductions, we find that average ETF expense ratios have remained relatively steady during the last 15 years. Even though thousands of new funds have entered the market, the arrival of most ETF sponsors into a narrowly defined area does not generally lead to lower...

Prior research suggests that ETF arbitrage affects the market quality of underlying securities. We directly test this proposition by examining minute-by-minute returns and order imbalances, but find little evidence that trading in ETFs impacts the underlying. Panel vector autoregression shows...