Policymakers in developing countries increasingly see science, technology, and innovation (STI) as an avenue for meeting sustainable development goals (SDGs), with STI-based startups as a key part of these efforts. Market failures call for government interventions in supporting STI for SDGs and...

This report builds on the World Bank's earlier report on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in India (2004 report number 30266), which highlighted the challenges India faces in meeting a number of the MDGs. The report focuses on the state of Orissa and is organized as follows: the second...

This paper investigates if trade can help achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal of poverty eradication using microeconomic and macroeconomic mechanisms and the effects of trade and trade policy on consumer prices, producer prices, and wages. As these mechanisms affect the real...

The United Nation's Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) outline a set of eight development goals, 18 targets and 48 measurable indicators to combat poverty, hunger, illiteracy, gender inequality,diseases and environmental degradation. With the deadline set at 2015, the MDGs seek to ensure a...

The most heated and debated topic not only in India but in entire world is to eradicate extreme poverty by 2030. Poverty is a socio-economic incident and it is closely related with disparity. It adverse effects on human health, efficiency and output, which in turn effect an individual income....