This paper identifies a new reason for giving preferences to the disadvantaged using a model of contests. There are two forces at work: the effort effect working against giving preferences and the selection effect working for them. When education is costly and easy to obtain (as in the U.S.),...

This paper identifies a new reason for giving preferences to the disadvantaged using a model of contests. There are two forces at work: the effort effect working against giving preferences and the selection effect working for them. When education is costly and easy to obtain (as in the U.S.),...

Chapter 1: Introduction -- Chapter 2 : Natural Language Models -- Chapter 3: Large Language Models -- Chapter 4 : Macroeconomic Indicators, Aggregates, and Framework -- Chapter 5 : Economic Sustainability -- Chapter 6 : Social Sustainability -- Chapter 7: Conclusion.