India and China have taken very different developmental paths in integrated circuit design. India has engaged with … multinationals and emphasized design service. China has focused more on homegrown fabless firms designing their own chips. These two …. Paradoxically, India has greater technical capabilities than China, but has lower value capture and domestic control of patents …

in emerging economies like India and China is crucially dependent on the minerals industry for sustained economic …

pollution haven hypothesis, wherein more trade and foreign direct investments cause environmental degradation, the paper …

This paper analyzes the impact of tariff liberalization and foreign direct investment on pollution from a plant …-level perspective. It considers how globalization impacts plant-level investment in pollution abatement expenditure. Popular hypotheses … on trade and pollution cite the pollution haven effect - that trade leads to a worsening of environmental conditions in …