The correct welfare assessment of vertical agreements in competition law is a difficult craft. The more mature jurisdictions such as the EU and the US have struggled to develop the optimal framework. This paper scrutinises the vertical agreements cases of the Competition Commission of India...

The objectives of competition policy and the application of competition law need defining and redefining along with changing structures of the economy and the maturing of the competition authority. Market structures associated with digital technology and globalization are often not in consonance...

In this foreword, we draw on certain aspects of CCI’s enforcement in digital markets in order to identify some noteworthy trends, provide a comparison with global jurisprudence and ascertain areas of concern for the future. It is not possible to do justice to the array of competition issues...

The paper tries to establish that the current concentrated structure of the Indian e-retail market- in terms of the bulk of the e-retail market being captured by two players namely, Flipkart and Amazon India- has been paradoxically aided by India's antitrust law. This paper shows that the design...

The optimization of fines to deter and detect cartel behavior is one of the main goals of competition policy. Although it is generally argued that fines should be high to be deterrent, the debate on what constitutes an optimal fine is unsettled and some authors suggest using profits (rather than...

In 2009, India repealed its 40 year old Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices (MRTP) Act, and brought into force most sections of the 2002 Competition Act. After a brief introduction to the basic economic principles underlying modern competition law, this paper reviews the country’s...

Inequality in different forms has existed throughout history, however, with the passage of time, there is increasing awareness of its human cost even when there is little agreement on the causes of inequality or the strategies that may be adopted to address it. This chapter focuses on factors...

The competition law rules are of immense importance for optimal functioning of the economic variables as they not only vouchsafe against the monopolistic and exploitative tendencies of the bigger market players, they are also instrumental in providing the smaller and newer entrants in the...

India is one of the most significant countries of Asia, particularly in terms of its population and growing economy and markets. India has rapidly moved from a ‘command and control’ economy to free-market principles, and in this regard, one of the major reforms revamped the competition law....