The present study derives an estimate of the contraction of the GDP in India during the lockdown period on the basis of the fall in the components of expenditure of the national income accounts. On the lower side the contraction is estimated to be around Rs. 7211.42 Billion per month at the...

This study investigates the causal effects of long-term PM2.5 exposure on COVID-19 cases, deaths, and fatality rates in India by using an instrumental variables approach based on thermal inversion episodes. The estimation results indicate that a 1% increase in long-term exposure to PM2.5 leads...

This study investigates the causal effects of long-term particulate matter 2.5 exposure on COVID-19 deaths, fatality rates, and cases in India by using an instrumental variables approach based on thermal inversion episodes. The estimation results indicate that a 1 percent increase in long-term...