, it is important to recognize that competing in wind, solar PV, batteries, and EVs requires process-level innovation … vertical integration and manufacturing clusters. Vertical integration and clustering appears to benefit the type of innovation …

Martin Fransman presents a new approach to understanding how innovation happens, who makes it happen, and the helps and … hindrances. Looking at innovation in real-time under uncertainty, he develops the idea of an 'innovation ecosystem', i.e. a … system of interrelated players and processes that jointly make innovation happen. Examples include: how companies like Amazon …