A key input to inventive activity is human capital. Hence it is important to understand the monetary incentives of inventors. We estimate the effect of patented inventions on individual earnings by linking data on U.S. patents and their inventors to Finnish employer-employee data. Returns are...

The return that inventors appropriate from their inventions forms a key incentive and remuneration mechanism for innovation. We utilize data on U.S. patents and their inventors linked to Finnish employer-employee data to estimate the effect of patenting on earnings. Inventors get a temporary 3%...

This paper studies the welfare effects of Ramp;D subsidies. We develop a model of continuous optimal treatment with outcome heterogeneity where the treatment outcome depends on applicant investment. The model takes into account heterogeneous application costs and identifies the treatment effect...