international Standard Development Organizations (SDO), we investigate how informal standardization consortia and patent pools … factors of these declarations. Controlling for the effects of standardization activity and increasing patent intensity in the … of standardization. We thus confirm results in the literature that patent pools provide incentives for opportunistic …

&D spending, patent, and trademark activities of the world's largest corporate R&D investors and their membership of standards …'s patent and/or product-market position, and varies across different types of standards organizations. More specifically, a … strong patent position amplifies the effect of R&D spending on participation in standards-developing organizations, while a …