This study investigates the impact of internal and external research and development (R&D) on the innovation … stronger for Indian SMEs. The negative relationship between firm size and innovation output implies that SMEs in both countries …&D has been examined for both countries. The study is unique in comparing Indian and Pakistani SMEs innovation activities …

We analyze the link between R&D, innovation, and productivity in MSMEs with a special focus on micro firms with fewer … than 10 employees; usually constituting the majority of firms in industrialized economies. Using the German KfW SME panel … the probability of reporting innovation, with a larger effect size for product than for process innovations. Moreover …