Italy has yet to recover from the economic consequences of the financial and sovereign debt crisis that began more than … driving growth across the EU, such as knowledge-intensive services, are instead stagnating in Italy. Previous structural … an efficient innovation system or substantial R&D investments, were ignored. Going forward, governmental reforms should …

We empirically investigate whether the persistence of politicians in political institutions affects the innovation …' innovation activity. However, once the causal effect is isolated by means of instrumental variables, using death of politicians … persistence and the probability of process innovation. This finding is consistent with the view that political stability may …